Tables and Graphs

Revenue of the Unilever Group worldwide 2010-2020, by product segment:

Source: statista.com

If you are asked to answer the following questions:

• In what year did the Unilever Group have the highest increase in revenue?
• In what year there was the biggest drop in revenue?

Then you can add a couple of rows to the previous table to give you the information that you need. One row will contain the total revenue per year, and the other one will include the change in revenue between the current year and the previous one.

The values in the Total revenue row in the table below, are the result of adding the revenue for all product segments per year, and the values in the Revenue change are the result of subtracting the total revenue from the previous year from the current one. For example, the values corresponding to Total revenue and Revenue change for the year 2011 are calculated as follows:

$$\begin{gathered} Totalrevenuein2011=Personalcarerevenue+Homecarerevenue+Foodandrefreshmentsrevenue \\ =15,471+82,06+22,790 \\ =\mathbf{46}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{467} \end{gathered}$$

$$\begin{gathered} Revenuechangein2011=Totalrevenuein2011-Totalrevenuein2010 \\ =46,467-44,262 \\ =\mathbf{2}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{205} \end{gathered}$$

Let's see the rest of the values in the table below.

Now we can answer the questions:

1. In what year did the Unilever Group have the highest increase in revenue?

The highest increase in revenue was seen in the year 2012. In comparison to 2011, the revenue in 2012 increased by 4,857 million euros. See the table cell highlighted in green.

2. In what year there was the biggest drop in revenue?

The biggest drop in revenue occurred in the year 2018. In comparison to the previous year, the revenue decreased by 2,733 million euros. See the cell highlighted in yellow.

Going back to the previous example, here is the bar graph corresponding to Unilever's total revenue per year from 2010 to 2020:

Bar graph example - StudySmarter Originals

Let's now represent the same data used in the previous example, but using a line graph.

Line graph example - StudySmarter Originals

As you can see, it is easier to identify trends with a line graph. Looking at the line graph above, let's answer the following questions:

a) In what years did the revenue decrease?

The years where the revenue decreased were 2013, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020. You can identify that these years had a revenue decrease because the line graph has a negative slope (points down) on these particular points.

b) In what period did the revenue decrease two years in a row?

The period where the revenue decreased in two consecutive years was 2013 and 2014. As you can see on the line graph, the line has a negative slope in both of these years.

The following table contains the most popular global mobile messenger apps for October 2021, based on monthly active users (in millions). Draw a pie graph to represent the data.

Source: Statista.com

$Totalnumberofobservations\left(users\right)=2000+1300+1251+591+550+538=6320$

As an example of the calculations that you need to do to work out the degree measure for each category, let's calculate the one corresponding to WhatsApp:

$Categorydegreemeasure\left(WhatsApp\right)=\frac{2000}{6320}·360°=113.92°$

After calculating the degree measure for each category, you can draw the pie graph using a protractor to measure the different angles. After that, you can label each sector and choose a title for your pie graph.

Pie graph example - StudySmarter Originals