What is the axial skeleton and what bones does it include?
The axial skeleton is the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones along the body's central axis. It includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
What are the main functions of the axial skeleton?
The main functions of the axial skeleton are to support and protect the brain, spinal cord, and vital organs in the thorax, and to provide an attachment point for muscles that move the head, neck, and trunk, as well as muscles involved in breathing.
How does the axial skeleton contribute to overall body movement and posture?
The axial skeleton provides structural support and alignment for the body, stabilizing the core and facilitating efficient movement. It supports posture by maintaining the body's upright position and protecting the spinal cord, which is essential for transmitting nerve signals that coordinate movement.
How does the axial skeleton protect vital organs in the body?
The axial skeleton protects vital organs by forming a rigid framework. The skull encases the brain, the vertebral column shields the spinal cord, and the rib cage surrounds and safeguards the heart and lungs from physical trauma.
What are common disorders or conditions that affect the axial skeleton?
Common disorders affecting the axial skeleton include osteoporosis, scoliosis, ankylosing spondylitis, herniated discs, and osteoarthritis. These conditions can lead to pain, reduced mobility, and structural abnormalities of the spine and rib cage.