Is acromegaly pathology hereditary?
Acromegaly is typically not hereditary; it usually results from a benign tumor of the pituitary gland leading to excess growth hormone production. However, some rare genetic conditions, like Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) or familial isolated pituitary adenomas, can increase susceptibility to related pituitary tumors.
What are the underlying causes of acromegaly pathology?
Acromegaly is primarily caused by excess production of growth hormone, usually due to a benign pituitary adenoma. Less commonly, it can result from non-pituitary tumors producing growth hormone-releasing hormone. These conditions lead to elevated growth hormone levels, causing abnormal growth of bones and tissues.
What are the common symptoms and complications associated with acromegaly pathology?
Common symptoms of acromegaly include enlarged hands and feet, facial changes, joint pain, and thickened skin. Complications can include hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea, arthritis, and cardiovascular disease.
How is acromegaly pathology diagnosed and evaluated?
Acromegaly is diagnosed by measuring elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) suppression test after oral glucose tolerance. MRI imaging of the pituitary gland is used to identify adenomas, and additional testing evaluates complications like cardiovascular or metabolic issues.
What treatment options are available for acromegaly pathology?
Treatment options for acromegaly include surgical removal of the pituitary tumor, medication (such as somatostatin analogs, growth hormone receptor antagonists, or dopamine agonists), and radiation therapy to reduce excess growth hormone production and control tumor size. The choice of treatment depends on the tumor's size, location, and patient-specific factors.