What conditions can pediatric cytopathology help diagnose in children?
Pediatric cytopathology can help diagnose conditions such as infections, thyroid disorders, lymphadenopathy, congenital malformations, and various benign or malignant tumors, including neuroblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, in children.
How is a cytopathology sample collected from children?
Cytopathology samples in children are typically collected using minimally invasive techniques like fine needle aspiration (FNA) or scraping. FNA involves a thin needle to extract cells from lumps or organs, while scraping collects surface cells, often used for oral or skin samples. The procedure is generally quick and causes minimal discomfort.
How is pediatric cytopathology different from adult cytopathology?
Pediatric cytopathology involves unique considerations due to differences in disease prevalence, physiological variations, and the types of cells and tissues commonly examined in children. It requires specialized interpretation because children's tumors and reactive processes can differ significantly from adults', necessitating tailored diagnostic criteria and approaches.
What are the potential risks and complications associated with pediatric cytopathology procedures?
Potential risks and complications of pediatric cytopathology procedures include infection, bleeding, and pain at the biopsy site. In rare cases, there may be damage to adjacent tissues or structures. Additionally, there is a risk of an inadequate sample, which may necessitate repeat procedures.
What are the common cell types and structures analyzed in pediatric cytopathology?
In pediatric cytopathology, common cell types and structures analyzed include epithelial cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes, and stromal cells. Structures such as the nuclei, cytoplasm, and cellular arrangements are examined to identify abnormalities, infections, or cancerous changes in pediatric tissue samples.