How do oral drug delivery systems work?
Oral drug delivery systems work by administering medication through the mouth, where it is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, primarily the stomach and intestines. The drug is then transported into the bloodstream to exert its therapeutic effects throughout the body. Formulation technologies enhance drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability.
What are the advantages of oral drug delivery compared to other methods?
Oral drug delivery is non-invasive, convenient, and enhances patient compliance. It facilitates easy self-administration without the need for medical supervision. Additionally, it offers a broad range of formulations and can provide controlled or sustained release of medication for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
What factors can affect the bioavailability of orally administered drugs?
Factors affecting the bioavailability of orally administered drugs include drug formulation, gastrointestinal pH, enzymatic degradation, intestinal permeability, first-pass metabolism in the liver, and interactions with food or other medications.
What are the challenges associated with oral drug delivery systems?
Challenges associated with oral drug delivery systems include poor drug solubility and stability, variability in gastrointestinal tract conditions, first-pass metabolism in the liver, and patient adherence to dosage regimens. These factors can lead to reduced bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of orally administered drugs.
What are the common forms of oral drug delivery systems?
Common forms of oral drug delivery systems include tablets, capsules, liquid solutions or suspensions, and controlled-release formulations.